one more interesting paper on the value of fermented dairy products
Kefir Supplementation Modifies Gut Microbiota Composition, Reduces Physical Fatigue, and Improves Exercise Performance in Mice
Kefir Supplementation Modifies Gut Microbiota Composition, Reduces Physical Fatigue, and Improves Exercise Performance in Mice
| (a) Effects of kefir (KF) supplementation on principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) of the gut microbiota composition in mice based on the Bray–Curtis distance measure of samples in the relative abundance profiles of an operational taxonomic unit; (b) Effects of KF supplementation on the phylum-level gut microbiota composition of mice. Only phyla with top 10 average abundances were included, with other phyla collapsed into “Others”; the effects of KF supplementation on the phylum-level gut microbiota composition of mice in the (c) KF-1X and vehicle groups; (d) KF-2X and vehicle groups, and (e) KF-5X and vehicle groups. The cladogram was generated from the linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis, showing the most differentially abundant taxa enriched in the microbiota of mice in (c) the KF-1X (red) and vehicle (green) groups, (d) the KF-2X (red) and vehicle (green) groups, and (e) the KF-5X (red) and vehicle (green) groups. Significant differential abundances in LEfSe comparisons are sorted by p values in ascending order: vehicle (glucose water), KF-1X (2.15 g/kg/day KF), KF-2X (4.31 g/kg/day KF), and KF-5X (10.76 g/kg/day KF). |
Abstract
The
present study evaluated the potential beneficial effect of kefir (KF)
against fatigue. Furthermore, the composition of the gut microbiota is
related to health benefits in the host; therefore, the study also
investigated the effect of KF on the gut microbiota composition. Male
ICR mice from four groups (n = 8 per group) were orally
administered KF once daily for four weeks at 0, 2.15, 4.31, and 10.76
g/kg/day and were designated as the vehicle, KF-1X, KF-2X, and KF-5X
groups, respectively. The gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA
gene sequencing. The results showed a significant clustering of cecum
after treatment in the vehicle, KF-1X, KF-2X, and KF-5X groups. The
KF-2X and KF-5X groups showed a decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes
ratio compared with the vehicle group. In addition, anti-fatigue
activity and exercise performance were evaluated on the basis of
exhaustive swimming time, forelimb grip strength, and levels of serum
lactate, ammonia, glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatine
kinase (CK) after a swimming exercise. The exhaustive swimming time for
the KF-1X, KF-2X, and KF-5X groups was significantly longer than that
for the vehicle group, and the forelimb grip strength of the KF-1X,
KF-2X, and KF-5X groups was also significantly higher than that of the
vehicle group. KF supplementation also decreased serum lactate, ammonia,
BUN, and CK levels after the swimming test. However, tissue glycogen
content, an important energy source for exercise, increased
significantly with KF supplementation. Thus, KF supplementation can
alter the gut microbiota composition, improve performance, and combat
physical fatigue.
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Keywords:
kefir; gut microbiota; antifatigue; exercise performance
