New paper of our team

In Vitro Antithrombotic Properties of Salmon (Salmo salar) Phospholipids in a Novel Food-Grade Extract

 

Alexandros Tsoupras ^1,†, Ronan Lordan ^1,†, Katie Shiels ², Sushanta Kumar Saha ², Constantina Nasopoulou ^3,* and Ioannis Zabetakis ¹

Abstract

Marine and salmon polar lipids (PLs) extracted by conventional extractions with non-food-grade solvents (CE-salmon-PLs) possess antithrombotic bioactivities against platelet-activating factor (PAF) and thrombin. Similar effects of food-grade-extracted (FGE) marine PLs have not yet been reported. 

In this study, food-grade solvents were used to extract PLs from Irish organic farmed salmon (Salmo salar) fillets (FGE-salmon-PLs), while their antithrombotic bioactivities were assessed in human platelets induced by platelet aggregation agonists (PAF/thrombin). FGE-salmon-PLs were further separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) into lipid subclasses, and the antithrombotic bioactivities of each subclass were also assessed. 

LC-MS was utilized to elucidate the structure-activity relationships. FGE-salmon-PLs strongly inhibited PAF-induced platelet aggregation, while their relevant anti-thrombin effects were at least three times more potent than the previously reported activities of CE-salmon-PLs. TLC-derived lipid fractions corresponding to phosphatidylcholines (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) were the most bioactive lipid subclasses obtained, especially against thrombin. Their LC-MS analysis elucidated that they are diacyl- or alkyl-acyl- PC and PE moieties baring ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) at their sn-2 position, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). 

Our results concerning the potent antithrombotic effects of FGE-salmon-PLs against both PAF and thrombin pathways strongly suggest that such food-grade extracts are putative candidates for the development of novel cardioprotective supplements and nutraceuticals. 

Keywords: salmon; polar lipids; platelet aggregation; platelet-activating factor (PAF); thrombin; phosphatidylcholine; phosphatidylethanolamine; LC-MS; EPA; DHA; PUFA; phospholipids 

Marine Polar Lipids with Antithrombotic Activities

In our team, we have a strong interest on lipids that can inhibit platelet aggregation.
Few years ago, we had found these structures in sea bass.

Two days ago, we published our first salmon paper where the lipid structures have some striking similarities...

There is a theme there...
Nature is making polar lipids for a reason...
The more structural data we have on this theme make the "omega 3" and cholesterol approach weaker and weaker...
The polar head looks like an indispensable part of our approach linking polarity of lipids to their antithrombotic activities .


Ioannis

The Burren Smokehouse: Smoked Salmon & Seaweed

today's post is from here.

Enjoy!

If you want to know more on
Irish Organic Salmon, click here.